August 31st, 2009 by admin
Varicella and Herpes Zoster
Etiology
• Primary and recurrent forms due to varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
• Primary VZV (chickenpox): a childhood exanthem
• Secondary (recurrent) VZV (herpes zoster/shingles) infection:
most common in elderly or immunocompromised adults
Clinical Presentation
• Varicella (chickenpox)
• Fever, headache, malaise, and pharyngitis with a 2-week
incubation
• Skin with widespread vesicular eruption
• Oral mucosa with short-lived vesicles that rupture forming Read the rest of this entry »
August 31st, 2009 by admin
Etiology
• A complex mucocutaneous disease affecting two or more
mucosal sites simultaneously
• Most common trigger: antecedent recurrent herpes simplex
infection
• Infection with Mycoplasma also may serve as a trigger. Read the rest of this entry »
August 31st, 2009 by admin
Etiology
• Herpes simplex virus
• Reactivation of latent virus
Clinical Presentation
• Prodrome of tingling, burning, or pain at site of recurrence
• Multiple, grouped, fragile vesicles that ulcerate and coalesce
• Most common on vermilion border of lips or adjacent skin
• Intraoral recurrences characteristically on hard palate or Read the rest of this entry »
August 31st, 2009 by admin
Pemphigus Vulgaris
Etiology
• An autoimmune disease where antibodies are directed toward
the desmosome-related proteins desmoglein 3 or desmoglein 1
• A drug-induced form exists with less specificity in terms of
immunologic features, clinical presentation, and histopathology
Clinical Presentation
• Over 50% of cases develop oral lesions as the initial Read the rest of this entry »
August 31st, 2009 by admin
Paraneoplastic Pemphigus
Etiology
• Autoimmune, triggered by malignant or benign tumors
• Autoantibodies directed against a variety of epidermal antigens
including desmogleins 3 and 1, desmoplakins I and II, and
other desmosomal antigens, as well as basement membrane
zone antigens
Clinical Presentation
• Short-lived vesicles and bullae followed by erosion and ulceration; Read the rest of this entry »
August 31st, 2009 by admin
Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
Etiology
• Autoimmune; trigger unknown
• Autoantibodies directed against basement membrane zone
antigens
Clinical Presentation
• Vesicles and bullae (short lived) followed by ulceration
• Multiple intraoral sites (occasionally gingiva only)
• Usually in older adults
• 2:1 female predilection
• Ocular lesions noted in one-third of cases
• Proclivity for scarring in ocular, laryngeal, nasopharyngeal, Read the rest of this entry »
August 31st, 2009 by admin
Impetigo
Etiology
• Cutaneous bacterial infection: Streptococcus and
Staphylococcus species
• Is spread through direct contact
• Highly contagious
Clinical Presentation Read the rest of this entry »
August 31st, 2009 by admin
Herpetic Stomatitis: Primary
Etiology
• Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
• Over 95% of oral primary herpes due to HSV-1
• Physical contact is mode of transmission
Clinical Presentation
• 88% of population experience subclinical infection or mild
transient symptoms
• Most cases occur in those between 0.5 and 5 years of age. Read the rest of this entry »
August 31st, 2009 by admin
Herpangina
Etiology
• Most often by members of coxsackievirus group A (7, 9, 10,
and 16) or group B (1–5)
• Occasionally due to echovirus 9 or 17 Read the rest of this entry »
August 31st, 2009 by admin
Etiology
• A very common enterovirus infection (coxsackievirus A10 or
A16), which may occur in mild epidemic proportion, chiefly in
children
• Incubation period is short, usually less than 1 week
Clinical Presentation
• Oral mucosal lesions with focal herpes simplex–like appearance, Read the rest of this entry »
